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Grout joints when laying ceramic tile So, you finished the main work - laying tile. Then you can proceed to the final stage - grouting and processing them with sealant. Well made grout can mask any faults styling, while a bad tile grout can completely destroy the impression of a flawless installation.
preliminary check, fully dried glue, which you set the bar, and thoroughly clean the seams of debris and dirt . Remove all remaining after installation dividers (crosses) between the tiles. Some manufacturers dividers claim that they can be left in the joints and cover the grout.But in this case a layer of grout over the dividers will be more subtle, so it will have a different color after hardens, and can spoil the look of the whole grouting. If you are working with glazed tiles, you can immediately begin grouting. If you put unglazed tiles, you first need moisten the top and side surfaces of each tile, to prevent too much suction of moisture from the grout . Some fitters tile using garden sprayers to spray water on the surface of tiles. Regardless of which method you choose, the main thing - do not overdo it. Lusatia water, left on a stove or in the joints, can damage the grout, then it can crack. (Lest there be doubts about the conduct of such training tiles and joints, better to get advice from the manufacturer grouting).
What are trowelling materials?There are 2 main types of grout material: a mixture of cement-based mixture and epoxy resin.
grouting cement-based is a dry mixture which is diluted with water or liquid latex. For sale and ready to grout, but usually they are much more expensive.Grout, cement based, usually made of Portland cement and differ only in terms of supplements, which are included in their composition. They can be divided into 3 classes: industrial Portland cement, dry and cure the latex mixture with Portland
Epoxy grout contains epoxy resin and hardener, which makes the seams triggers and resistant to various chemicals. This type of grouting is the most expensive, and therefore mainly used in industrial and commercial premises. In addition, epoxy grout clinging and it is difficult to work. If your burners not thicker than 12 mm and the width of the seams is less than 6 mm, such grout is not able to penetrate into such narrow seams. For more information on the types of tile grout, you can see here: Grout for ceramic tiles.Types and differences
Why Use a sealant? Use sealant pursues two objectives:
- it protects the tiles from appearing on it, and in the seams of spots - it is to some extent, protects the tiles and grout from the excessive intake of water To the surface of unglazed tiles and the joints did not appear spots should be covered with a transparent cladding liquid sealant. Most sealants are made on the basis of silicone, lacquer or acrylic. When choosing a suitable sealant is necessary to consider types of tile and grout, as well as the place where is facing.
Now let's learn how to grip the seams, apply grout and sealant. In addition, always follow the manufacturer's instructions in the product that you have chosen. Planned width of grout jointswidth of grout joints is partly based on personal preference, some, for example, like the narrow seams. Too broad seams as though visually suppress tile. The square tiles measuring 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and even 60 cm will look carefully with sutures 3 mm.Irregular shape tiles less noticeable with larger joints, but try to make them a width not exceeding 12 mm. The fact is that the greater width of the seam, the greater the likelihood that he cracked. The seam width exceeding 12 mm would be stronger if the grout to add sand with a large particle size, but it does not always help protect a wide seam from cracking. (Another reason why the grout may crack and crumble - too much liquid when mixing grout). Equally, it should not be trowelling seams are very narrow, because it will be difficult to fill their grout as it should, and as a result through such seams will leak water into the lining. Many masters feel more confident that the quality of the cladding will be at the proper level, if the joints are sufficiently wide to allow them to fill a latex or acrylic grout, resulting in seams will not only waterproof, but also can serve as shock absorbers during compression and expansion of the tiles. This ability joints becomes negligible when the joint width is less than 1 mm.
grout tilegrouting process involves several stages. Mixing grout
Storage is the solution to improve wetting, Repeated mixing grout, the Distribution of the solution cleaning excess grout All cheto regard to preparation of the solution, see the article How to properly mix grout
Tools and materials that will be needed for the application of grout • Respirators (for use with grout, cement-containing)
• Rubber gloves • Goggles • scraper with a rubber nozzle or roller • Grout • Bucket • Sponge • transactions Easing, a wooden stick with a sharpened tip or toothbrush • Clean cloth • Plywood • Sealants • Painting roller or brush a little drawing Apply groutCnachala Put the pile of grout on the surface of the tiles (you can just pour the solution from the bucket, if you're on the floor, or dip into the solution of rectangular trowel for applying to the walls). To distribute the grout is more suitable trowel float (in the appropriate form for the floor or walls) than the steel trowel.   Keep it an angle of 30 degrees to the tile (as shown in the photo) and apply grout to the surface of the tiles on the diagonal (as shown in the figure) . Walk float across the surface of two or three times, but not just cover your seams solution, but try rub, push it with force into the seam , that was densely filled with grout mortar. The stronger the resistance, the more densely populated seam and the stronger it will be. The main idea is to fill the grout to top all corners and spaces around the tiles, which remained after applying the adhesive. In the process of smoothing liquid will leave the grout solution, and the seams will be filled with particles of sand and cement - can say, you get a solid instead of liquid cement slurry. Do not grout the whole surface at once , better to spread the grout on a small spot size of about one or two square. meters, until you figure out how to quickly grasp the grout. Thus, if you have to work with grout, which quickly grasped, you will need to stop and to clean up. Sometimes you can just wipe about 9 square meters. meters before the start of its clean, in other cases can be covered by grout only a small area. Work on a small spot will help you determine the speed with which you should work.
Using grout bag
If you are working with the surface, which is particularly difficult to clean up after grouting, for example, with old brick facing, use the grout bag for grouting. This bag looks and acts the same way as pastry bag for decoration of cakes. At the end of the bag is fixed metal tip is approximately the same width as the grout joint. The bag is filled with grout, and then she squeezed with force through the tip into the seam. When working with grout bag, place the tip of the bag at the top of the seam and drive it forward along the edge of the seam as it is required. For greater efficiency, fill the seam throughout its length, but not around the individual tiles. Typically, first fill all horizontal joints (x axis), and then the vertical (axis y). It should be squeezed a little more grout than it seems necessary. After she gently grab, tamp grout in the seam by pointing or a piece of smooth metal tube with a diameter greater than the width filled joints. Then give the possibility compacted grout in the seam grab half an hour and then remove the excess with a stiff brush. Removing grout first removing excess grout - Dry When all seams are filled, to remove excess grout you will need a grater, which must be kept at nearly a right angle to the surface of the tiles (as shown in the figure). It is necessary to move the grater on the diagonal of the joints, otherwise the edge of the tool can get into the seam and remove from the part of grouting. (If this happens, just add a little grout in the seam weld and straighten the edge of the float). As soon as the surplus will be removed, let the grout to grab the opportunity before the start of treatment. While you are doing and grout cleaning, do not forget from time to time to mix grout solution in a bucket so that it remains soft before applying it to new areas. second removal grouting - wet. How long does it begin? after dry cleaning edge power float float (which removes the bulk of the excess grout from the tile surface), each facing in one degree or another requires wet cleaning.The time required to complete before setting grout with a damp cleaning varies from installation to installation. It can be equal to 5 minutes, and can take 20 minutes or more. At the rate of evaporation of liquid from the grouting affect weather conditions, type of foundation, glue and tiles. Keep in mind that the remains of grout on the tile surface can be caught fairly quickly, although the grout in the joints may require a longer time. To assess the readiness of the surface of tiles and grout joints to clean you can use a sponge: sponge moisten as much as possible, and then test a small patch of the surface coating. Grout in joints should be flexible and dense but not solid. If the grout is grasped too hard, the tiles will have to clean with great difficulty, so that this can damage the grout. On the other hand, if the sponge extends grout from the joints, this means that the grout is not seized. Wait a few minutes and check again. Cleaning can begin when the grout in the joints remains in place. If it turns out that it took too long before cleaning, and grout dried fast to the tile surface, you can remove it using a special abrasive float. (Unlike other cleaning gratings, such a float does not leave scratches on the surface of the tiles - to be sure, check first at the trimming tiles). After cleaning dried grout residue, walk across the surface of a well-wrung sponge. There are many methods for cleaning grout, some of them quite unusual. For example, some tilers based grout is poured over the dry joints (to wet the grout in the joints dry faster). Others use the sawdust to ensure that they pulled the extra moisture and can easily remove excess grout. Many of these methods weaken, and thus, destroy trowelling seams, so we do not recommend their use. It is better to use a combination of proven techniques, which is suitable for both commercial facings, and in residential areas. The basic principle of this method - use a minimum of water during cleaning, so as not to weaken the grout. Getting wet cleaning you will need only a bucket of clean water and a sponge (it is better to take a sponge with rounded edges, so do not form the groove in the grout joints). 1. First, with a sponge, quickly removed most of the excess grout Start cleaning grout with a tile surface wiping with soft, circular movements, removing the particles of sand and cement. Be careful in the grout joints are not formed grooves.Rinse the sponge as soon as the sponge pores filled with particles of cement and sand, and then wring it well. If prior clearance has passed not too long, you'll be able to remove excess grout from the tile surface for two or three passes. For once cleared only a small area (2.1 square meters in size. m), often soaking the sponge to wash off the grout particles, which penetrated into the pores of the tiles. When you rinse the sponge, always try to wash as much as possible and squeeze as much as possible, to be sure that all the particles grout, which were in the pores of tiles, ducked. Do not forget to shake off the excess water with your hands. If the lining, no larger than 9 square. meters, there is no need to change the wash water in the bucket. We can judge the purity of water, as well laundered tile (of course, in some commercial projects required to constantly change the water). 2. The second stage should look trowelling seams, if they were all neat  Straighten and smooth joints with jointing, a wooden stick with a sharpened tip or end of a toothbrush. Then trim the edge seams with a sponge. Move the sponge along the seam, carefully removing the bumps and fill the cavity a small amount of grout on the tip of a finger (wear for this tight-fitting rubber gloves). The actual size of the weld depends on the type of tile and industrial or artisanal processing of the upper edge of the tiles. If the edges sharp and direct tile, grout in the joints must be flat, level with the top of the tiles. If the top edge of the tile rounded, tiler must decide how high to make the seam. Whatever the height or has been chosen, ideally the seam should be flat on top, not convex, although most of the joints is then slightly concave, which is quite acceptable. It is important to give all sides the same shape and depth. 3. At the end is the final thorough cleaning of the surface of the tiles from the remnants of grout Once the seams in the lining will be aligned, the tile surface should be thoroughly cleaned again. First, rinse and wring the sponge. Then make a straight, vertical passage of about a meter long by one party to a sponge, slowly moving it toward you - slower than it seems necessary - and without stopping. (If you move the sponge quickly or choppy on the surface of the tiles will strip from the grout). After the first pass, flip the sponge clean side and make such a passage parallel to the first, and then stop and rinse the sponge. For a single pass, use just washed side of sponge. Continue this process until, until the whole area of cladding is not fully clear, trying to act carefully to once again pulled a sponge, not a grout from the joints. If this happens, it could mean that the grout in the joints too much and need to trim the seams, or too much water in the sponge. After this cleaning all traces of grout should be removed from the surface of the tiles, and must give the possibility of the seams to dry for 15 minutes. During this pause, the moisture remaining after cleaning on the tiles, evaporates and particles of cement, which were in the water are deposited on the surface of the tiles. If the tiles are covered with shiny glaze, and the corners are even and straight, the duration of the grout can be easily removed by wiping the surface once with gauze or a soft, clean cloth.If the tile has a matt surface or rounded corners, you may need one more, an additional pass with fresh water and a sponge. If the remnants grout still is more difficult to clean, you may not adequately clean the surface for the first time. If the surface of the tile adhesive remains, the reason that the grout seized more than usual, may be contained therein, latex or acrylic additives. But whatever the reason, the longer duration stays on the bars, the harder it is to delete. If you can not remove excess with a damp abrasive grater, you can try to use a special solution to remove plaque, or, in extreme cases, resort to the aid of acid cleaners If you decide to use special cleaners or acid, keep in mind that the grout must fully grasp, before you use them. Nevertheless, do not wait to grout completely grasped until the final stage - remove any traces of grout from the expansion joints Apply sealantWhen the grout hardens, tile and grout can be coated with sealant in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. Thoroughly clean the tile and grout and let them dry for several days. Then apply a sealant following the instructions of the manufacturer. If you cover the sealant and tile and grout in the joints, use a paint roller. If you only cover sealant joints, use a small brush. All excess sealant that may accidentally fall on the surface of tiles, immediately remove. for gentle care of the tiles is sometimes required that you cover the tile sealant every 2 years (sometimes more often if required by manufacturers). In any case, if you notice. What jets become increasingly dirty and it has become harder to clean, then it is time to cover it with an additional layer of sealer should first be purified.
End of on the floor, place a sheet of plywood and forbid anyone to walk on the floor is completely dry before grouting. Be careful, some of the grout to dry for up to two weeks (specify the time necessary to follow the manufacturer).
tools for making grout and adhesives for tilechoice of tools for mixing adhesives and grouting depends on the volume gluing weight you want to get. To prepare adhesive or grout volume of less than 9 liters of material can be mixed by hand using a trowel . Although in this way you can mix and large quantities, but it's pretty tedious job and very often it results in the formation chunks. For these purposes better use mixer, mounted in a powerful 12 mm drill . Most home drills thin and can not survive and break after mixing 10 or 12 buckets of glue or grout.
If you plan to do a little styling (for which you may need no more than 5 liters of each material), it is better to hire a powerful drill with a speed switch, which can rotate at a speed of 150 rpm. It is important to use a drill with a mixer for a solution (which can be rented), but not for paint. The latter rotates at a speed too great for mixing grout and adhesive mixture, making the mixture may appear any air bubbles that weaken the mixture. containers and tools for mixing mortar. To make cement, which is placed as a base with a thick layer on the floor, walls and counters, mix the components by hand in containers for mixing with a spatula for mixing mortar.There are many different options for containers to be mixed depending on the materials from which they are made, and sizes: from plastic tubs the size of about 30 liters to metal containers the size of about 90 liters. To lay the tile in a residential area is commonly used container is 30 liters. To perform the work of more is better to use a larger container, and invite the assistant, as preparation of the solution may take a full day.
Why is grout cracking
most common reasons for cracking grout made on the basis of Portland cement:1. Excessive amounts of water in power float mix . (The cracks occur due to water loss by evaporation, which in turn leads to a decrease in power float weight). 2. If tiles overly absorb water from the grout , stops the process of hydration of cement required for the normal setting, troweling, trowel, and decreases weight. 3. Reason for laying tile is not properly aligned or go shake . This situation often occurs in wooden houses, where the board sag or not tightly fastened. Even if everything is done right, is likely to change in temperature and humidity on the street will help to change the characteristics of wood and, as a consequence, the movement in the base. 4. not match the type grout conditions styling . If the width of the stitches more than 4 mm, plain grout is not fit, you should use sand. In any case, the manufacturer's instructions grouting is written to a width suitable grout joints. For more information, read the article Grout for ceramic tiles. Types and differences. How to repair cracked grout made on the basis of Portland cementCracks in the grout will only grow with time. If it is cracked in the bathroom, you run the risk that water will penetrate through cracks and gradually destroys the basis of styling and materials that may damage the tile and appearance. It is better to repair cracked grout. If the grout is white , you can gently scratch grout building with a knife in the ground cracking and fill the seams with new white grout. This method is not suitable for color grout , as the colors may mix on top of one another, and no one can guarantee what color grout will you in the end. Instead of applying new grout over the cracked, which can cause staining, it is better to use the building or punch knife and remove the damaged grout. (For more information, see here How to change grout for tile) Keep in mind that the grout is made on the basis of Portland cement, it becomes harder with time and reaches the highest degree of hardness (approximately 98%) within 28 days after installation. Be very careful when replacing the grout so as not to damage the tiles!Change grout only where necessary. How to avoid cracking of grout
What if the new grout continues to crack?If, despite the fact that you have changed your grout and did all the instructions, it continues to crack, most often a problem in operation. Either the base is not enough flat (as in wooden houses), or too much load (flow of people, trucks, etc. - in shops, garages, warehouses), or grout is destroyed by acid (food production), or maybe you prefer make joints more than the manufacturer's instructions. In this case, you have mix grout not with water, but with special polymer additives , completely excluding the water (eg, Fugoplastic). At the same time try to make your mix was dry as possible. If you do not help and it is - use silicone, preferably resistant to mold and fungi (otherwise completely black). He did not crack, but it must be carefully placed, flatten. Bad styling silicone can seriously damage the appearance of the premises. Special considerations when working with groutWarning: never drain the remnants of grout into the sewer pipe , otherwise you risk to be faced with the need to change your pipes. It is best to leave the remnants of grout in the tank for a few days to water detached from the main mass. After the water to separate, drain the water and dispose of the remains of grout in the trash. Note: if a certain amount of cement-based grout gets on your skin, rinse it first place vinegar , to restore the pH level before you wash it with soap and water. safety measures When working with grout will never forget to wear a dust mask, as the inhalation of dust from the grout can cause serious health problems. In addition, always wear gloves and goggles when working with grout as the grout can irritate eyes and skin. If you use be sure to follow instructions and the manufacturer
How to change grout tiles. Already one year after installation, the floor may look old and sloppy because of the dirt, which accumulates in the joints. This is especially true for tile lighter shades with a light grout.
Can this be avoided in the beginning, covering the joints and tile with a special compound, dirt repellent (eg, Dolphin from Atlas), or putting water-and stain-resistant grout (for example, Ultracolor from Mapei). However, as experience shows, it is not a panacea, but, most importantly, the fact remains: the grout is dirty or cracked must be replaced. You can update yourself grout, as it is easily and inexpensively. And your tile will look like new. Be sure to check with the manufacturer's instructions as required time for drying the new material. Total time spent on repairs, will depend on what area you are processing.
Tools and materials
Correct preparation grout When replacing grout is difficult to choose the right color grout. Simply buy a grout close to the color you want and add the grout solution of water, if needed a lighter shade. Conversely, make the solution thicker if needed darker color.
Types grout
There are 4 types of smoothing: with the addition of sand, without the addition of sand, acrylic latex and epoxy resin. Choose the type of grout depending on the width of the seams between tiles.
Repair facing stitches
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