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Boilers

Heating Boilers - a heating system, the device for heating the liquid coolant (water or oil). There are solid fuel boilers, liquid fuel boilers, gas boilers and electric boilers, depending on what is used to heat the coolant.

Boiler types:

There are one and two-circuit boilers, automatic and manual boilers, with a security system and without. Boilers also come in steam - they are designed primarily to produce steam for the theological purposes of industry. Hot-water boilers (fire-tube), pellet (solid) work exclusively on wood fuel granules (pellets) . In the combustion chamber granular boiler removed approximately 30% of capacity, and in the convective approximately 70% of capacity. Also produced and adapted for burning pellets universal water boilers (boilers "Waste") with an efficiency of 80%. hot-water boilers (fire-tube), granular ( solid) work as a wood fuel granules (pellets) and on conventional wood, debris, leaves. Good use of these boilers for combustion of pressed straw. The range of capacities of the existing boilers varies from 30 kilowatts to 2 megawatts, but efficiency is not high in svzi so that the fuel is burned with razlichnyi parameters.

Gas boilers

Boilers Water heaters run on natural gas, diesel and heating oil, fuel oil, stone and brown coal, wood and pellet. otly KVZ-G and KVZ-GM. Operate on natural gas, use the burner type: BIG and HMG. Power range: 0,63 - 9,28 MW. Boilers KVZ-M. Operate on liquid fuel. Power range of boilers from 0.63 MW to 9.28 MW. Area otaplivaniya from 3240 to 60000 sq. Boilers KVZ-R. Hard coal and lignite, with manual furnace type PKK. Power range from 0,5 MW to 2,5 MW, the area otaplivaniya from 2580 to 12900 sq. Boilers KVZ-Pm. Hard coal fired plants with the grate PKK with pneumatic mechanical spreader. Power range from 2,5 MW to 7.54 MW, the area otaplivaniya from 12900 to 39010 sq.m. Boilers KVZ-TC. Hard coal and lignite with a mechanical chain furnace. Power range from 3,0 MW to 7.54 MW, the area otaplivaniya from 15480 to 39010 square meters

Electric boilers

include electric boilers emit the following types:

Electrode boilers

boilers of this type arranged so that the process of heating fluid is due to ionization, ie, splitting carrier molecules into positive and negative ions, which move, respectively, to negative and positive electrodes, while stressing the energy, ie, these boilers are heated directly, without the "intermediary" (such as PETN). These boilers have a number of advantages: lack of water in the boiler switched on (shy move) does not lead to any consequences, and its failure in the absence of heat - to warm you nothing. These pots do not suffer from scale. Scale deposit on the electrodes of the boiler only reduces its power and does not lead to the destruction of the electrodes. Electrode boilers are usually more compact than electric heaters. But these boilers have a number of shortcomings: These boilers electric current is passed directly through the coolant, which significantly increases the risk of electric shock, but because of the huge leakage current makes it impossible to use in conjunction with the boiler UZO (protective device off). For this reason, the coolant is electrolysis, which leads eventually to a significant change in its chemical composition, and consequently to a change in electrical conductivity, which worsens over time these boilers. Also, such boilers lead to the allocation of electrolysis gases, leading to zavozdushivaniyu system. Vydemye electrolysis gases, depending on the composition of the coolant can be poisonous. Requires careful water treatment fluid on the electrical conductivity. Electric boilers are casualize power and depends strongly on the temperature of the coolant in the system, with an increase in coolant temperature - increasing its electrical conductivity and power consumption, thus the initial start-up system during the cold season - the power boiler for heating may not be enough. The increase in electrical conductivity of coolant to the required level at low temperatures may lead to the fact that after the heating system, it can grow so much that lead to significant congestion and accidents in the supply mains, as well as the failure of the administering power boiler apparatuy. The same effkt (increase electric coolant temperature increases) sometimes leads to the electric-breakdown of the interelectrode distance (actually CP) with a huge throw of the current in the mains supply and as a consequence - a multiple failure of several sensors included in the network. You can not use conventional antifreeze and distilled water as a coolant. You can not use hot water for a single-circuit. Without a major complication of the construction can not be implemented stepwise or smooth power control, which leads to a large roll in the mains voltage is turned on and turned off the boiler. This is especially noticeable in the boilers of large power. Because of this, such boilers require a special service of specific knowledge on the electrical conductivity of water requires a constant monitoring of current consumption. Freezing coolant for electrode boilers expensive and not always available.

heaters boilers

These boilers are based on the principle of transferring heat energy from the electric heaters coolant ( water). Boilers heaters have several advantages: Thegn in the boiler does not have an electric connection with the coolant, therefore, such boilers are much more elektrobezopasen, virtually no leakage current, which allows you to share with the boiler set UZO (protective device off). Also, these boilers have a constant power and does not depend on the used coolant and its temrtury. It can vary only within a voltage change in supply. It is easy to implement a stepped or smooth power control, which minimizes free throws in the mains voltage is turned on and turned off the boiler. Boilers can run on conventional antifreeze, water, and do not require water on the electrical conductivity . These pots do not fail even after the failure of one usually PETN. Boilers may be used for hot water for single-circuit. Boilers can operate on superheated water, with tempertura superheated water is determined only by the pressure at which the shell of the boiler. These boilers do not require specific knowledge of the electrical conductivity of water. Such boilers are not deprived of drawbacks: TEN (tubular electric heater) has a limited resource and can burn out, so choosing the boilers should pay attention to the possibility of replacing the heaters. The deposition of scale on TENah significantly impairs their cooling and leads to their premature failure, it is desirable to adopt measures to reduce the rigidity of the system flooded with water. Ideal case - is the use of distilled water. In the case of no water (dry stroke) possible failure of the heaters and boilers themselves. This is possible in case of failure or malfunction of a boiler control system, so when buying electric boilers to make sure a lo or control scheme such boiler has in its structure and additional circuit protection devices of emergency emergencies, duplicate key! Price heaters boilers higher than the electrode.

Induction boilers

Induction boilers based on the principle of induction heating is based on the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction - the creation of the induced current alternating magnetic field. Installation of induction heating has a structure similar to the transformer, consisting of two circuits. Primary circuit - magnetic system, the secondary circuit - heat exchange device or TVEL (fuel element). Under the influence of an alternating magnetic field generated by a magnetic system, the metal heat exchanging device induced currents, causing its heating. Heat from the heated surfaces of heat exchange device transmitted a heated environment. The advantages of induction of boilers: The fundamental lack of heating elements, which excludes the possibility of failure of the boiler. The total lack of detachable joints in the construction, which eliminates the potential for leaks. A significant reduction in the propensity to fouling. The high electrical . The possibility to manufacture the boiler almost any temperature and pressure, which is especially important for technological applications. Ability to work with virtually any coolant. Ability to manufacture boilers to work directly from mains voltage to 6-10 kV., including DC that in principle it is impossible or extremely difficult for other types of boilers. Shortcomings induction boilers: high cost, compared with electric heaters and the electrode (due to RF converter) large size and enormous weight. Difficult stepless power adjustment.