How ceramic tile and cement-sand tile is one of the most durable roofing with a lifetime of more than 100 years. Natural tile fire-resistant, highly resistant to aggressive media and solar radiation has a high sound insulation and frost resistance. Due to the low heat resistance and in the summer under a roof cool and warm in winter. Low thermal conductivity in combination with the bulk material leads to minimal formation of condensation on the inner surface of the tile surface. One of the main criteria that distinguish quality tiles </a>, is a high density and low porosity, with pores should be closed primarily. The higher the porosity tile , the lower the strength characteristics. Moreover, the more open pores, the greater the ability tile to absorb and retain moisture. High water absorption, as is known, reduces the frost tile (the ability of water-saturated condition to withstand the required number of cycles of alternate freezing and thawing ). High porosity also affects the permeability of tile (the ability to be saturated with water under pressure). Tests tile on the water permeability, water absorption and frost are the main part of a system of quality control on solid production, although the testing methods may differ from each other. Until recently it was believed that one of the shortcomings tile is a variation of geometric dimensions of the individual tiles. The modern tile , made on a fully automated equipment, has a stable size. The design of the roof depends on the functional purpose podkrovelnogo space . If it is used as living space (attic), by securing the appropriate requirements for temperature and humidity conditions. If podkrovelnoe space is a cold attic, then the best "work" structures roof to ensure its ventilation. For the device attic space in the design roof (in addition to insulation and vapor barrier) must necessarily apply a special waterproofing layer. Relevant materials (roofing waterproofing foil) are placed on the rafters. Above them is arranged kontrobreshetka (to provide ventilation gap), which are mounted boards lathing, and they already fit itself tile . Various forms tile and the corresponding ways of a masonry arose in ancient times. Antique tiling stacked like modern roof , a wooden crate, and consisted of two series: the lower, in the form of flat (trough) tiles, with the speakers on the sides of the ribs, and the top row. For the top row was used tile V-shaped form that covers the lower joints tile . For the valleys used special hexagonal tile shapes, corresponding concave fracture roofing and ensure the correct flow of water. Varieties flat and grooved < a href = "http://diycentre.com.ua/category/krovelnye-perekrytija/"> tile , these ancient samples, preserved to this day. In the Crimea and the Caucasus was widespread grooved tile , which is known as the Tatar or "monk-monk. It is still possible to meet the old house covered with this material. It has the shape of halves of a truncated cone, and is placed on a solid wooden formwork in two rows as follows: tile the bottom row of stacked concave side up, the upper concave side down so that they overlapped joints tile bottom row. In this case, the top row of tiles is based on the bottom row and the crate is not fixed, keeping only by its own weight. S-shaped, or as it is also called a Dutch tile is curved in a wave (or the letter S), so that each tile overlaps the adjacent neighboring the same series and each series overlaps the previous. Modern tile , as a rule, produced three main types: flat (" beaver tail "), wavy (in the form of one or two waves) and grooved (it even called monk-nun). form tile defines the way its laying and scope. flat tiles laid with a large overlap, moreover, there are several options for placing two or even three layers. Flat and undulating. Tiles may be grooving ie have one or two edges of the special grooves. They provide a more secure hold, as well as waterproof roof . But the scope of grooves tile is relatively limited - quite simple roof. To create a curved surface is ideal flat or imbrex, although it may use other forms of smooth. There are two production technologies ceramic tile : strip method and by stamping. Ribbon tile first form as a belt, which is then cut into individual tiles. Forged tile immediately pressed into a special metal forms. Ribbon tiles may have grooves only along the tiles and stamped - both horizontally and vertically. Cement-sand tile is only on tape technology. Form ceramic tile and cement-sand tiles </a> very similar, but differ in thickness. Ceramic tile is more delicate, graceful, and cement-sand - the greater thickness of its edge, as if cut off. Leading manufacturers cement-sand tile are working to resolve this shortcoming. Already reproductive-health/publications/ru/mec/index.htm cement-sand tiles with a rounded edge, which significantly enhances its aesthetic appeal.